[andy153]

Hi Joe, Use of Graduated ND's depends upon your subject to some extent and to what end result you are looking for. I use ND's quite a bit - some are actual filters and some are added in post processing. I use mainly Cokin/Lee square or oblong Grad ND filters. This is because you can move them up and down or rotate and place the start of the graduated zone where you need it in the framed composition. This gives you more control. I use a 3xND for most shots but have a 6xND for more dramatic results. I also have a circular, Singh-Ray variable ND filter that goes from 1x to 8x full frame ND I use this together with the oblong Grads to produce milky seascapes. I also use what are called Reverse Graduated Filters - they start off darker in the middle and are useful for sunsets where the brightest part is in the middle part of the frame. I find with all filters that it is cheaper in the long run to buy a 77 mm filter and use stop down rings to place the filter on smaller lenses, rather than buying individual filters of the lens size. And with Cokin/Lee to buy the "P" size and again use stop down rings to attach the larger holder to smaller lenses. As for a tripod - you have to put up with legs for a sturdy base unless you use bean bags and a friendly environment.