cropping
I find that a combination of both is necessary in the majority of cases.
Composing in the viewfinder I use the zoom and look at the left and right edges to find a position that includes the things that I want to appear in my final print but excludes as much unnecessary stuff as possible. I now look to see if there is unwanted stuff near the top or bottom edge.
If there is, I shoot and crop the unwanted stuff later in Photoshop.
If there isn't, I zoom out a bit to see if it reveals anything else that I want to include until I reveal unwanted material, then back in a bit to get rid of the surplus. This now includes unwanted stuff in the horizontal plane, but I shoot and crop it out later.
The important thing is that I get what I want but finish with as little waste as possible because I only have to crop in one direction.
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