Trial and error. From my experience, there are no hard and fast rules for the moon regarding exposure. Some suggested do's and don'ts (contradicting previous statement immediately!)
DO take lots of shots at a variety of different exposure settings.
DO use a big lens, a very big lens if you want any real detail.
DO use a tripod.
DON'T worry about tweaking the aperture, your subject is so far away D o F is pretty immaterial.
DON'T take a shot when the moon is full, there's simply too much glare and all the detail gets burnt out.
As greypoint says, it all moves remarkably quickly.
Sample is f/5.6, 1/80th, ISO100, digiscoped.
Duncan.
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